The causes of train accidents can be grouped into five categories.
A train accident will occur in one of five different ways. The five main reasons for train accidents are: (1) human factors, (2) track and structures, (3) equipment, (4) signal and train control, and (5) miscellaneous.
The majority of train accidents are caused by human factors or track factors.
During a recent five year study, it has been determined that the great majority of train accidents resulted from human factor causes or track causes. In addition, in recent years, most of the serious events involving train collisions or derailments resulting in release of hazardous material, or harm to rail passengers, have resulted from human factor or track causes.
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The United States Government enacted the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA), in 1908.
Congress passed FELA with the intent to decrease tragic railroad accidents. In addition, FELA encourages standardization in railroad practices and railroad equipment.
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